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| Viimeisimmät muutokset: 2007-07-11 |
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Luokka:
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Luettelo alkuaineista |
Tällä sivulla luetellaan tunnetut alkuaineet, ja luetteloa voi järjestellä otsikkotason mukaan. Katso myös: jaksollinen järjestelmä.
| Merkki
| Nimi
| Järjestysluku
| Atomipaino
| Tiheys 20° C
| Sulamispiste
| Höyrystymispiste
| Löytövuosi
| Löytäjä
|
| Ac
| Aktinium
| 89
| 227,0278 g/mol
| 10,07 g/cm3
| 1047 °C
| 3197 °C
| 1899
| Debierne
|
| Ag
| Hopea
| 47
| 107,8682 g/mol
| 10,49 g/cm3
| 961,9 °C
| 2212 °C
| esihistoriallinen
| tuntematon
|
| Al
| Alumiini
| 13
| 26,981539 g/mol
| 2,70 g/cm3
| 660,5 °C
| 2467 °C
| 1825
| Oersted
|
| Am
| Amerikium
| 95
| 243,0614 g/mol
| 13,67 g/cm3
| 994 °C
| 2607 °C
| 1944
| Seaborg
|
| Ar
| Argon
| 18
| 39,948 g/mol
| 1,66 g/l
| -189,4 °C
| -185,9 °C
| 1894
| Ramsay ja Rayleigh
|
| As
| Arseeni
| 33
| 74,92159 g/mol
| 5,72 g/cm3
| 613 °C
| 613 (subl.) °C
| n. 1250
| Albertus Magnus
|
| At
| Astatiini
| 85
| 209,9871 g/mol
|
| 302 °C
| 337 °C
| 1940
| Corson ja MacKenzie
|
| Au
| Kulta
| 79
| 196,96654 g/mol
| 19,32 g/cm3
| 1064,4 °C
| 2940 °C
| esihistoriallinen
| tuntematon
|
| B
| Boori
| 5
| 10,811 g/mol
| 2,46 g/cm3
| 2300 °C
| 2550 °C
| 1808
| Davy u. Gay-Lussac
|
| Ba
| Barium
| 56
| 137,327 g/mol
| 3,65 g/cm3
| 725 °C
| 1640 °C
| 1808
| Davy
|
| Be
| Beryllium
| 4
| 9,012182 g/mol
| 1,85 g/cm3
| 1278 °C
| 2970 °C
| 1797
| Vauquelin
|
| Bh
| Bohrium
| 107
| 262,1229 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1976
| Oganessian
|
| Bi
| Vismutti
| 83
| 208,98037 g/mol
| 9,80 g/cm3
| 271,4 °C
| 1560 °C
| 1540
| Agricola
|
| Bk
| Berkelium
| 97
| 247,0703 g/mol
| 13,25 g/cm3
| 986 °C
|
| 1949
| Seaborg
|
| Br
| Bromi
| 35
| 79,904 g/mol
| 3,14 g/cm3
| -7,3 °C
| 58,8 °C
| 1826
| Balard
|
| C
| Hiili
| 6
| 12,011 g/mol
| 3,51 g/cm3
| 3550 °C
| 4827 °C
| esihistoriallinen
| tuntematon
|
| Ca
| Kalsium
| 20
| 40,078 g/mol
| 1,54 g/cm3
| 839 °C
| 1487 °C
| 1808
| Davy
|
| Cd
| Kadmium
| 48
| 112,411 g/mol
| 8,64 g/cm3
| 321 °C
| 765 °C
| 1817
| Stromeyer ja Hermann
|
| Ce
| Cerium
| 58
| 140,115 g/mol
| 6,77 g/cm3
| 798 °C
| 3257 °C
| 1803
| von Hisinger ja Berzelius
|
| Cf
| Kalifornium
| 98
| 251,0796 g/mol
| 15,1 g/cm3
| 900 °C
|
| 1950
| Seaborg
|
| Cl
| Kloori
| 17
| 35,4527 g/mol
| 2,95 g/l
| -34,6 °C
| -101 °C
| 1774
| Scheele
|
| Cm
| Curium
| 96
| 247,0703 g/mol
| 13,51 g/cm3
| 1340 °C
|
| 1944
| Seaborg
|
| Co
| Koboltti
| 27
| 58,9332 g/mol
| 8,89 g/cm3
| 1495 °C
| 2870 °C
| 1735
| Brandt
|
| Cr
| Kromi
| 24
| 51,9961 g/mol
| 7,14 g/cm3
| 1857 °C
| 2482 °C
| 1797
| Vauquelin
|
| Cs
| Cesium
| 55
| 132,90543 g/mol
| 1,90 g/cm3
| 28,4 °C
| 690 °C
| 1860
| Kirchhoff ja Bunsen
|
| Cu
| Kupari
| 29
| 63,546 g/mol
| 8,92 g/cm3
| 1083,5 °C
| 2595 °C
| esihistoriallinen
| tuntematon
|
| Db
| Dubnium
| 105
| 262,1138 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1967/70
| Flerow oder Ghiorso
|
| Ds
| Darmstadtium
| 110
| 269 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1994
| Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
|
| Dy
| Dysprosium
| 66
| 162,5 g/mol
| 8,56 g/cm3
| 1409 °C
| 2335 °C
| 1886
| Lecoq de Boisbaudran
|
| Er
| Erbium
| 68
| 167,26 g/mol
| 9,05 g/cm3
| 1522 °C
| 2510 °C
| 1842
| Mosander
|
| Es
| Einsteinium
| 99
| 252,0829 g/mol
|
| 860 °C
|
| 1952
| Seaborg
|
| Eu
| Europium
| 63
| 151,965 g/mol
| 5,25 g/cm3
| 822 °C
| 1597 °C
| 1901
| Demaçay
|
| F
| Fluori
| 9
| 18,9984032 g/mol
| 1,58 g/l
| -219,6 °C
| -188,1 °C
| 1886
| Moissan
|
| Fe
| Rauta
| 26
| 55,847 g/mol
| 7,87 g/cm3
| 1535 °C
| 2750 °C
| esihistoriallinen
| tuntematon
|
| Fm
| Fermium
| 100
| 257,0951 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1952
| Seaborg
|
| Fr
| Frankium
| 87
| 223,0197 g/mol
|
| 27 °C
| 677 °C
| 1939
| Perey
|
| Ga
| Gallium
| 31
| 69,723 g/mol
| 5,91 g/cm3
| 29,8 °C
| 2403 °C
| 1875
| Lecoq de Boiskaudran
|
| Gd
| Gadolinium
| 64
| 157,25 g/mol
| 7,89 g/cm3
| 1311 °C
| 3233 °C
| 1880
| de Marignac
|
| Ge
| Germanium
| 32
| 72,61 g/mol
| 5,32 g/cm3
| 937,4 °C
| 2830 °C
| 1886
| Winkler
|
| H
| Vety
| 1
| 1,00794 g/mol
| 0,084 g/l
| -259,1 °C
| -252,9 °C
| 1766
| Cavendish
|
| He
| Helium
| 2
| 4,002602 g/mol
| 0,17 g/l
| -272,2 °C
| -268,9 °C
| 1895
| Ramsay ja Cleve
|
| Hf
| Hafnium
| 72
| 178,49 g/mol
| 13,31 g/cm3
| 2150 °C
| 5400 °C
| 1923
| Coster ja von Hevesy
|
| Hg
| Elohopea
| 80
| 200,59 g/mol
| 13,55 g/cm3
| -38,9 °C
| 356,6 °C
| esihistoriallinen
| tuntematon
|
| Ho
| Holmium
| 67
| 164,93032 g/mol
| 8,78 g/cm3
| 1470 °C
| 2720 °C
| 1878
| Soret
|
| Hs
| Hassium
| 108
| 265 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1984
| Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
|
| I
| Jodi
| 53
| 126,90447 g/mol
| 4,94 g/cm3
| 113,5 °C
| 184,4 °C
| 1811
| Courtois
|
| In
| Indium
| 49
| 114,82 g/mol
| 7,31 g/cm3
| 156,2 °C
| 2080 °C
| 1863
| Reich ja Richter
|
| Ir
| Iridium
| 77
| 192,22 g/mol
| 22,65 g/cm3
| 2410 °C
| 4130 °C
| 1803
| Tenant ja apulaiset
|
| K
| Kalium
| 19
| 39,0983 g/mol
| 0,86 g/cm3
| 63,7 °C
| 774 °C
| 1807
| Davy
|
| Kr
| Krypton
| 36
| 83,8 g/mol
| 3,48 g/l
| -156,6 °C
| -152,3 °C
| 1898
| Ramsay ja Travers
|
| La
| Lantaani
| 57
| 138,9055 g/mol
| 6,16 g/cm3
| 920 °C
| 3454 °C
| 1839
| Mosander
|
| Li
| Litium
| 3
| 6,941 g/mol
| 0,53 g/cm3
| 180,5 °C
| 1317 °C
| 1817
| Arfvedson
|
| Lr
| Lawrencium
| 103
| 260,1053 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1961
| Ghiorso
|
| Lu
| Lutetium
| 71
| 174,967 g/mol
| 9,84 g/cm3
| 1656 °C
| 3315 °C
| 1907
| Urbain
|
| Md
| Mendelevium
| 101
| 258,0986 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1955
| Seaborg
|
| Mg
| Magnesium
| 12
| 24,305 g/mol
| 1,74 g/cm3
| 648,8 °C
| 1107 °C
| 1755
| Black
|
| Mn
| Mangaani
| 25
| 54,93805 g/mol
| 7,44 g/cm3
| 1244 °C
| 2097 °C
| 1774
| Gahn
|
| Mo
| Molybdeeni
| 42
| 95,94 g/mol
| 10,28 g/cm3
| 2617 °C
| 5560 °C
| 1778
| Scheele
|
| Mt
| Meitnerium
| 109
| 266 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1982
| Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
|
| N
| Typpi
| 7
| 14,00674 g/mol
| 1,17 g/l
| -209,9 °C
| -195,8 °C
| 1772
| Rutherford
|
| Na
| Natrium
| 11
| 22,989768 g/mol
| 0,97 g/cm3
| 97,8 °C
| 892 °C
| 1807
| Davy
|
| Nb
| Niobium
| 41
| 92,90638 g/mol
| 8,58 g/cm3
| 2468 °C
| 4927 °C
| 1801
| Hatchet
|
| Nd
| Neodyymi
| 60
| 144,24 g/mol
| 7,00 g/cm3
| 1010 °C
| 3127 °C
| 1895
| von Welsbach
|
| Ne
| Neon
| 10
| 20,1797 g/mol
| 0,84 g/l
| -248,7 °C
| -246,1 °C
| 1898
| Ramsay u. Travers
|
| Ni
| Nikkeli
| 28
| 58,69 g/mol
| 8,91 g/cm3
| 1453 °C
| 2732 °C
| 1751
| Cronstedt
|
| No
| Nobelium
| 102
| 259,1009 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1958
| Seaborg
|
| Np
| Neptunium
| 93
| 237,0482 g/mol
| 20,48 g/cm3
| 640 °C
| 3902 °C
| 1940
| McMillan ja Abelson
|
| O
| Happi
| 8
| 15,9994 g/mol
| 1,33 g/l
| -218,4 °C
| -182,9 °C
| 1774
| Priestley ja Scheele
|
| Os
| Osmium
| 76
| 190,2 g/mol
| 22,61 g/cm3
| 3045 °C
| 5027 °C
| 1803
| Tenant
|
| P
| Fosfori
| 15
| 30,973762 g/mol
| 1,82 g/cm3
| 44 (P4) °C
| 280 (P4) °C
| 1669
| Brandt
|
| Pa
| Protaktinium
| 91
| 231,0359 g/mol
| 15,37 g/cm3
| 1554 °C
| 4030 °C
| 1917
| Soddy, Cranston ja Hahn
|
| Pb
| Lyijy
| 82
| 207,2 g/mol
| 11,34 g/cm3
| 327,5 °C
| 1740 °C
| esihistoriallinen
| tuntematon
|
| Pd
| Palladium
| 46
| 106,42 g/mol
| 12,02 g/cm3
| 1552 °C
| 3140 °C
| 1803
| Wollaston
|
| Pm
| Prometium
| 61
| 146,9151 g/mol
| 7,22 g/cm3
| 1080 °C
| 2730 °C
| 1945
| Marinsky ja Glendenin
|
| Po
| Polonium
| 84
| 208,9824 g/mol
| 9,20 g/cm3
| 254 °C
| 962 °C
| 1898
| Marie ja Pierre Curie
|
| Pr
| Praseodyymi
| 59
| 140,90765 g/mol
| 6,48 g/cm3
| 931 °C
| 3212 °C
| 1895
| von Welsbach
|
| Pt
| Platina
| 78
| 195,08 g/mol
| 21,45 g/cm3
| 1772 °C
| 3827 °C
| 1557
| Scaliger
|
| Pu
| Plutonium
| 94
| 244,0642 g/mol
| 19,74 g/cm3
| 641 °C
| 3327 °C
| 1940
| Seaborg
|
| Ra
| Radium
| 88
| 226,0254 g/mol
| 5,50 g/cm3
| 700 °C
| 1140 °C
| 1898
| Marie ja Pierre Curie
|
| Rb
| Rubidium
| 37
| 85,4678 g/mol
| 1,53 g/cm3
| 39 °C
| 688 °C
| 1861
| Bunsen ja Kirchhoff
|
| Re
| Renium
| 75
| 186,207 g/mol
| 21,03 g/cm3
| 3180 °C
| 5627 °C
| 1925
| Noddack, Tacke ja Berg
|
| Rf
| Rutherfordium
| 104
| 261,1087 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1964/69
| Flerow oder Ghiorso
|
| Rg
| Röntgenium
| 111
| 272 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1994
| Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
|
| Rh
| Rodium
| 45
| 102,9055 g/mol
| 12,41 g/cm3
| 1966 °C
| 3727 °C
| 1803
| Wollaston
|
| Rn
| Radon
| 86
| 222,0176 g/mol
| 9,23 g/l
| -71 °C
| -61,8 °C
| 1900
| Dorn
|
| Ru
| Rutenium
| 44
| 101,07 g/mol
| 12,45 g/cm3
| 2310 °C
| 3900 °C
| 1844
| Claus
|
| S
| Rikki
| 16
| 32,066 g/mol
| 2,06 g/cm3
| 113 °C
| 444,7 °C
| esihistoriallinen
| tuntematon
|
| Sb
| Antimoni
| 51
| 121,75 g/mol
| 6,69 g/cm3
| 630,7 °C
| 1750 °C
| esihistoriallinen
| tuntematon
|
| Sc
| Skandium
| 21
| 44,95591 g/mol
| 2,99 g/cm3
| 1539 °C
| 2832 °C
| 1879
| Nilson
|
| Se
| Seleeni
| 34
| 78,96 g/mol
| 4,82 g/cm3
| 217 °C
| 685 °C
| 1817
| Berzelius
|
| Sg
| Seaborgium
| 106
| 263,1182 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1974
| Oganessian
|
| Si
| Pii
| 14
| 28,0855 g/mol
| 2,33 g/cm3
| 1410 °C
| 2355 °C
| 1824
| Berzelius
|
| Sm
| Samarium
| 62
| 150,36 g/mol
| 7,54 g/cm3
| 1072 °C
| 1778 °C
| 1879
| Lecoq de Boisbaudran
|
| Sn
| Tina
| 50
| 118,71 g/mol
| 7,29 g/cm3
| 232 °C
| 2270 °C
| esihistoriallinen
| tuntematon
|
| Sr
| Strontium
| 38
| 87,62 g/mol
| 2,63 g/cm3
| 769 °C
| 1384 °C
| 1790
| Crawford
|
| Ta
| Tantaali
| 73
| 180,9479 g/mol
| 16,68 g/cm3
| 2996 °C
| 5425 °C
| 1802
| Ekeberg
|
| Tb
| Terbium
| 65
| 158,92534 g/mol
| 8,25 g/cm3
| 1360 °C
| 3041 °C
| 1843
| Mosander
|
| Tc
| Teknetium
| 43
| 98,9063 g/mol
| 11,49 g/cm3
| 2172 °C
| 5030 °C
| 1937
| Perrier ja Segrè
|
| Te
| Telluuri
| 52
| 127,6 g/mol
| 6,25 g/cm3
| 449,6 °C
| 990 °C
| 1782
| von Reichenstein
|
| Th
| Torium
| 90
| 232,0381 g/mol
| 11,72 g/cm3
| 1750 °C
| 4787 °C
| 1829
| Berzelius
|
| Ti
| Titaani
| 22
| 47,88 g/mol
| 4,51 g/cm3
| 1660 °C
| 3260 °C
| 1791
| Gregor ja Klaproth
|
| Tl
| Tallium
| 81
| 204,3833 g/mol
| 11,85 g/cm3
| 303,6 °C
| 1457 °C
| 1861
| Crookes
|
| Tm
| Tulium
| 69
| 168,93421 g/mol
| 9,32 g/cm3
| 1545 °C
| 1727 °C
| 1879
| Cleve
|
| U
| Uraani
| 92
| 238,0289 g/mol
| 18,97 g/cm3
| 1132,4 °C
| 3818 °C
| 1789
| Klaproth
|
| Ubn
| Unbilinium
| 120
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Ubu
| Unbium
| 121
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Uub
| Ununbium
| 112
| 277 g/mol
|
|
|
| 1996
| Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
|
| Uue
| Ununennium
| 119
|
|
|
|
| ei löydetty
|
|
| Uuh
| Ununhexium
| 116
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Uuo
| Ununoktium
| 118
|
|
|
|
| 2006
|
|
| Uup
| Ununpentium
| 115
|
|
|
|
| 2004
|
|
| Uug
| Ununquadium
| 114
|
|
|
|
| 1998
|
|
| Uus
| Ununseptium
| 117
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Uut
| Ununtrium
| 113
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| V
| Vanadiini
| 23
| 50,9415 g/mol
| 6,09 g/cm3
| 1890 °C
| 3380 °C
| 1801
| del Rio
|
| W
| Volframi
| 74
| 183,85 g/mol
| 19,26 g/cm3
| 3407 °C
| 5927 °C
| 1783
| De Elhuyarin veljekset
|
| Xe
| Ksenon
| 54
| 131,29 g/mol
| 4,49 g/l
| -111,9 °C
| -107 °C
| 1898
| Ramsay ja Travers
|
| Y
| Yttrium
| 39
| 88,90585 g/mol
| 4,47 g/cm3
| 1523 °C
| 3337 °C
| 1794
| Johan Gadolin
|
| Yb
| Ytterbium
| 70
| 173,04 g/mol
| 6,97 g/cm3
| 824 °C
| 1193 °C
| 1878
| de Marignac
|
| Zn
| Sinkki
| 30
| 65,39 g/mol
| 7,14 g/cm3
| 419,6 °C
| 907 °C
| esihistoriallinen
| tuntematon
|
| Zr
| Zirkonium
| 40
| 91,224 g/mol
| 6,51 g/cm3
| 1852 °C
| 4377 °C
| 1789
| Klaproth
|
|
|